biology today magazine

biology today magazine

biology today magazine Published this article page no  42 Kashmir Saffron o It is cultivated in Karewas (highlands) of Jammu & Kashmir. o It is only saffron in world grown at an altitude of 1600 m to 1800 m. o In ancient Sanskrit literature saffron is referred to as bahukam. o Characteristics Longer and thicker stigmas natural deepred colour high aroma bitter flavour chemicalfree processing and high quantity of crocin (colouring strength) safranal (flavour) and picrocrocin (bitterness). o Three types include Guchhi Lachha and Mongra Saffron. o Iran is the largest producer of saffron and India comes second.  Kovilpatti kadalai mittai (Tamil Nadu) o It is a candy made of peanuts held together with glistening syrup and topped with wisps of grated coconut dyed pink green and yellow. o It is made using all natural ingredientssuch as the traditional and special vellam (jaggery) and groundnuts and water from the river Thamirabarani is used in the production which enhances the taste naturally.  ChakHao (black rice of Manipur) o It is a scented glutinous rice which has been in cultivation in Manipur over centuries is characterised by its special aroma. ChakHao has also been used by traditional medical practitioners as part of traditional medicine. o This rice takes the longest cooking time of 4045 minutes due to the presence of a fibrous bran layer and higher crude fibre content.  Gorakhpur terracotta o It is a centuriesold traditional art form where the potters make various animal figures like horses elephants camel goat ox etc. with handapplied ornamentation. o The entire work is done with bare hands and artisans use natural colour which stays fast for a long time. There are more than 1000 varieties of terracotta work designed by the local craftsmen biology today magazine buy.  

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competition refresher magazine subscription

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competition refresher magazine subscription Published this article page no  51  Members of a states Legislative Assembly vote in the Rajya Sabha elections in proportional representation with the single transferable vote (STV) system. Each MLAs vote is counted only once.To win a Rajya Sabha seat a candidate should get a required number of votes. That number is found out using the below formula. Required vote = Total number of votes  (Number of Rajya Sabha seats + 1 ) + 1. To know more about Rajya Sabha its composition and functions read this article. Insta Curious Did you know that Delhi has a seat in Rajya Sabha?MPs for Rajya Sabha in Delhi are selected by the members of the Metropolitan Council of Delhi.There is a difference between the Metropolitan Council and Municipal Corporation.  Voter islands after J&K delimitation exercise Context Political leaders participating in the delimitation process in J&K as well as independent observers have raised fears of islands being formed. Whats the issue? The Delimitation Act 2002 says that apart from population the constituencies have to be geographically compact areas and contiguous. Observers say this principle is not being followed in the ongoing Delimitation exercise.For example a village in one tehsil would be completely surrounded by villages in another Tehsil. Geographical connectedness is not being considered here. This gives rise to the voter islands.It is being said that the Commission has carved out geographical islands and joined with the other Assembly segments without any proximity or connectivity. Delimitation exercise in J&K a timeline 1. The first delimitation exercise carving out 25 assembly constituencies in the then state was carried out by a Delimitation Committee in 1951. 2. The first fullfledged Delimitation Commission was formed in 1981 and it submitted its recommendations in 1995 on the basis of 1981 Census. Since then there has been no delimitation. 3. In 2020 the Delimitation Commission was constituted to carry out the exercise on the basis of 2011 Census with a mandate to add seven more seats to the Union Territory and grant reservations to SC and ST communities. 4. Now the total number of seats in Jammu and Kashmir will be raised to 90 from the previous competition refresher magazine subscription buy.

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meri saheli magazine subscription

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meri saheli magazine subscription  Published this article page no  46 The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) declared the seasons first heat wave and severe heat wave March 11 and the first depression March 3.Experts say this is early compared to previous years and may be because of an unexpected climatic anomaly which could in turn be linked to global warming. According to experts The reason behind early heat waves early depressions and the weird dust storms is the continued persistence of a northsouth low pressure pattern that forms over India during winters when a La Niña phenomenon is occurring in the equatorial Pacific Ocean.The last time we had a La Niña persisting for three years was during 19982000 and 2000 also had a cyclone in March. Impact of La Niña The sea surface temperatures over the east and central Pacific Ocean become coolerthanaverage during La Niña.This affects the trade winds flowing over the ocean surface through change in wind stress.The trade winds carry this weather disturbance elsewhere and affect large parts of the world.In India the phenomenon is mostly associated with wet and cold winters. Larger concern If the interaction between the La Nina and the warm Arctic is in fact happening then it is an impact of global warming induced by human greenhouse gas emissions.  23 What are the Niño and La Niña? They are two natural climate phenomena occurring across the tropical Pacific Ocean and influence the weather conditions all over the world.While the El Niño period is characterised by warming or increased sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean a La Niña event causes the water in the eastern Pacific Ocean to be colder than usual meri saheli magazine subscription buy.

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science reporter

science reporter

science reporter Published this article page no  71 Indian Constitution historical underpinnings evolution features amendments significant provisions and basic structure Comparison of the Indian constitutional scheme with that of other countries. 1. Bombay High Court judgement related to Antidefection law Context The High Court of Bombay at Goa in its judgment delivered on February 25 held that the former members of the Congress Legislature Party (CLP) in the Goa assembly who had defected to the BJP are exempt from disqualification under paragraph 4(2) of the Constitutions Tenth Schedule referred to commonly as the antidefection law. Why did the High Court rule so? The court said that under subparagraph (2) of paragraph (4) the merger of this group of Congress MLAs with the BJP is deemed to be a merger of the original political party (Indian National Congress) with the BJP. Therefore these members are protected under paragraph (4). Provisions in this regard under the 10th schedule of the Indian Constitution Paragraph (4) of the Tenth Schedule exempts defectors from disqualification if their original political party merges with another party and twothirds of the members of that party in the legislature agree with the merger. Here in the case of Goa Ten of the 15 MLAs of the CLP in the Goa Assembly twothirds of the partys strength in the House had joined the BJP. But this judgement has raised a concern. What is it? Paragraph (4) of the Anti defection law contemplates the factual merger of the original political party science reporter buy.

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competition wizard

competition wizard

competition wizard Published this article page no  62 Wagon Tragedy A noteworthy event of the British suppression was the wagon tragedy when approximately 60 Mappila prisoners on their way to prison were suffocated to death in a closed railway goods wagon. Insta Curious Do you know who was Variyamkunnath Kunjahammed Haji? How his rule came to an end? Reference InstaLinks Prelims Link 1. Who was Haji? 2. What was the 1921 Malabar rebellion all about? 3. Who led the revolt? 4. How he established his own independent state and ruled it? 5. What is Khilafat Movement? 6. Outcomes of Khilafat movement. 7. Relationship between noncooperation movement and Khilafat movement. Mains Link Who was Variyamkunnath Kunjahammed Haji? How he stood up to the British in Malabar region in 1921? Discuss why this rebellion has been controversial? Topics The Freedom Struggleits various stages and important contributors contributions from different parts of the country. Enacting of Dandi March on March 12 Context The Salt March which took place from March to April 1930 was an act of civil disobedience led by Mahatma Gandhi to protest the British rule in the country. About Dandi March Mahatma Gandhi and 78 others from his Sabarmati Ashram had embarked on the Dandi Yatra on March 12 1930 to break the law which had imposed tax on salt. After walking for 21 days they reached Dandi on April 5 and broke the law. After making salt at Dandi Gandhi headed to Dharasana Salt Works 40 km south but was arrested on May 5. Facts related to Salt Satyagraha The Congress Party in the Lahore session of December 1929 passed the Purna Swaraj resolution. It was proclaimed on 26 January 1930 and decided that civil disobedience was the way to achieve it. Mahatma Gandhi chose the path of nonviolence to break the salt tax against the British government. Why salt? Salt was a commodity used by all people of every community and the poor people were affected more by the salt tax. Until the passing of the 1882 Salt Act Indians were making salt from seawater free of cost. But the Salt Act gave British monopoly over the production of salt and authority to impose a salt tax. Violation of the Salt Act was a criminal offence. With the Salt Satyagraha Mahatma Gandhi tried to unite Hindu and Muslims because the cause was common.14Outcomes of Salt March or Salt Satyagraha A lot of people came together including women depressed class. The movement showed the power of nonviolence in fighting against colonialism for the freedom struggle. In 1931 Mahatma Gandhi was released and met Lord Irwin who wanted to put an end to the civil disobedience movement. As a result GandhiIrwin pact was signed the civil disobedience movement ended and Indians were allowed to make salt for domestic use. Insta Curious On his return from South Africa Gandhis first Ashram in India was established in the Kochrab area of Ahmedabad on 25 May 1915. The Ashram was then shifted on 17 June 1917 to a piece of open land on the banks of the river Sabarmati. InstaLinks Prelims Link 1. About Salt March. 2. Causes effects and outcomes. 3. About the Civil Disobedience Movement. 4. Key leaders. Mains Link Discuss the significance and outcomes of Dandi March. 2. Controversy over Bhagat Singh photograph at Punjab CM Bhagwant Manns office Context A photograph of Bhagat Singh in Punjab Chief Minister Bhagwant Manns office has run into a controversy. The new AAP Party CM has said that he dreams of creating an egalitarian Punjab that Bhagat Singh had dreamt of and sacrificed his life for. However the basanti (yellow) turban Bhagat Singh is seen wearing in the photo is being objected to primarily for the photos lack of authenticity. Whats the issue now? According to experts there are only four original photographs of him. In one picture he is sitting with open hair in jail another shows him in a hat and two others show him in a white turban. All other pictures showing him in yellow or orange turbans or even with a weapon in his hand are products of imagination competition wizard buy.

competition wizard

competition wizard

competition wizard

competition wizard Published this article page no  61 Despite being heavily outnumbered soldiers of the regiment fought to the last man standing under freezing temperatures and with limited ammunition. Significance of the region Rezang La is vital for the defence of the crucially important Chushul. Any invader reaching there would have had a free run to Leh. Insta Curious All you need to know about the Indo China border dispute read this. InstaLinks Prelims Link 1. About the Battle of Rezang La. 2. What is LoC and how is it established geographical extent and significance? 3. What is LAC? 4. Where is Nathu la? 5. Where is Pangong Tso? 6. Who administers Akashi Chin? Mains Link Discuss the significance of Rezang La for India.  Malabar rebellion of 1921 Context The Indian Council for Historical Research (ICHR) has deferred its decision on a recommendation to remove the 1921 Malabar Rebellion martyrs including Variamkunnaathu Kunhahamad Haji and Ali Musliyar from the list of Indias freedom fighters. Whats the issue? The panel was of the view that the rebellion that took place at Malabar was a onesided attack on Hindus. Just two Britishers were killed during the unrest and hence the rebellion could not be considered as part of the freedom struggle. The subcommittee had recommended the removal of the Malabar Rebellion leaders mostly Muslims from the list. This is viewed by some as an attempt to distort history. What was the Mapilla rebellion? The Mapilla rebellion or Moplah Rebellion (Moplah Riots) of 1921 was the culmination of a series of riots by Moplahs (Muslims of Malabar) in the 19th and early 20th centuries against the British and the Hindu landlords in Malabar (Northern Kerala). The year 2021 will mark the 100th year anniversary of the uprising. Causes and outcomes of the revolt 1. The resistance which started against the British colonial rule and the feudal system later ended in communal violence between Hindus and Muslims. 2. Gandhiji along with Shaukat Ali the leader of the Khilafat movement in India visited Calicut in August 1920 to spread the combined message of noncooperation and Khilafat among the residents of Malabar. 3. In response to Gandhijis call a Khilafat committee was formed in Malabar and the Mappilas under their religious head Mahadum Tangal of Ponnani who pledged support to the noncooperation movement. 4. Most of tenants grievances were related to the security of tenure high rents renewal fees and other unfair exactions of the landlords.135. The British government responded with much aggression bringing in Gurkha regiments to suppress it and imposing martial law competition wizard buy.

competition wizard

competition wizard

 competition wizard

competition wizard Published this article page no 69 Economic significance of Karewas21Karewa deposits have different soil and sediments such as sand clay silt shale mud lignite and losses. Hence these are very useful for agricultural and horticulture activities. Karewa formations are useful for the cultivation of Zafran. Zafran is a local variety of Saffron in Kashmir valley. These are also important for the cultivation of almond walnut apple and orchards. Context The Konkan region including Mumbai has been experiencing sweltering heat in the recent days with maximum temperatures touching the 40degree mark. So why is Konkan experiencing heatwave conditions? The ongoing heatwave in Konkan including Mumbai is because it is under the direct influence of the prevailing heatwave in the adjacent SaurashtraKutch regions of Gujarat. The hot and dry winds from northwest India are reaching parts of Konkan. In addition the slow movement of sea breeze along the Maharashtra coast and the overall clear sky conditions have together resulted in such hot conditions. What is a heatwave? The IMD says heatwave is considered when the maximum temperature of a station touches at least 40 degrees Celsius or more for plains 37 degrees Celsius or more for coastal regions and at least 30 degrees Celsius or more for hilly regions. What are the criteria? Heatwave is declared when the departure from normal temperature is by 4.5 to 6.4 degrees Celsius and a severe heatwave is when the departure from normal is more than 6.4 degrees Celsius. For plains based on actual maximum temperature IMD considers heatwaves when actual maximum temperature is more than 45 degrees Celsius and severe heat wave when it is more than 47 degrees Celsius. This apart if the locality records over 45 degrees and 47 degrees on any given day then the IMD declares heatwave and severe heatwave. Reasons why India is experiencing more heat waves are 1. Magnified effect of paved and concrete surfaces in urban areas and a lack of tree cover. 2. Urban heat island effects can make ambient temperatures feel 3 to 4 degrees more than what they are. 3. More heat waves were expected as globally temperatures had risen by an average 0.8 degrees in the past 100 years. Nighttime temperatures are rising too. 4. Higher daily peak temperatures and longer more intense heat waves are becoming22increasingly frequent globally due to climate change. 5. High intensity of UV rays in mediumhigh heat wave zones. 6. Combination of exceptional heat stress and a predominantly rural population makes India vulnerable to heat waves. Way ahead for India How should India deal with heat waves? 1. Identifying heat hotspots through appropriate tracking of meteorological data and promoting timely development and implementation of local Heat Action Plans with strategic interagency coordination and a response which targets the most vulnerable groups competition wizard buy.

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Banking service chronicle

Banking service chronicle 

Banking service chronicle published this article page no 2 Ensure Peace and Harmony: Duties taken together with rights help administration in constructive engagement with people. It helps in building mechanisms to promote a culture of peace and harmony while discouraging acts of violence and all forms of discrimination.  E.g. If one abides by the Constitution and respects its institutions earnestly (first fundamental duty) peace and harmony increases. Similarly conscious decision to abjure violence helps in preserving the vibrancy and pluralistic nature of society. Help State in Performing its Duty: Without peoples support State cant ensure all rights.  E.g. To meet the educational and nutritional needs of everyone State needs the support of parents or individuals who work on field or help in resource availability by paying taxes. Avoid Narrow Egoism: Common humanity and genuine respect for others right require people to overcome selfishness and to avoid human rights violations. As Giuseppe Mazzini in The principle of Duty said: With the theory of happiness as the primary aim of existence we shall only produce egoistic men. We have therefore to find a principle … which shall guide men toward their own improvement teach them constancy and self-sacrifice and unite them with their fellow men … And this principle is Duty. Issues in Perceiving Rights and Duties Together Difference of Nature: Certain rights are acquired by every human being from the moment of birth but duties need capable individuals to perform banking service chronicle monthly magazine subscription.

Banking service chronicle 

Banking service chronicle

Banking service chronicle 

Banking service chronicle published this article page no 1 BALANCE OF RIGHTS AND DUTY  Recently, the Union Law Minister advocated the need to find a balance between the fundamental rights and duties for the countrys progress during Constitution Day Celebration. About Rights and Duties Fundamental to any civilization, rights represent the claims of an individual which are essential to his or her existence and development. ○ This includes the economic, social and cultural rights (ESC rights) recognized by society or State through legal, social, or ethical principles of freedom or entitlement. Similarly, each person carries certain duties towards other individuals, society, nation, or humanity as part of society and its norms. ○ E.g., based on Rita (natural order or truth), Vedas gave the principles of Dharma (duty) and Karma (action). Rights and Duties in Present India The Constitution of India is the main document, defining rights and duties of people. E.g., Part III of the Indian constitution covers Fundamental Rights and Part IVA covers the Fundamental Duties, i.e., the core duties that every citizen is expected to perform. ○ Some rights are outside Part III as well. E.g., Right to Property (Article 300A) which is a constitutional right and not fundamental. Though both are indispensable, duties have taken backstage in present India in comparison to rights.  E.g., whether it is Right to Life or Freedom of Speech and Expression, both remain in focus quite frequently. But in terms of duties, except few like “corporate social responsibility”, others are talked about little. Benefits of Perceiving Rights and Duties Together Complementing Nature: Each right comes with a corresponding obligation to respect and protect the rights of others.  E.g., if the Media has the right to freedom of speech, it becomes their duty to respect others privacy as well. Immunize Individual Liberties: Though Rule of Law is state responsibility, duties ensure that at least the majority of the population is inclined to uphold law without external enforcement banking service chronicle monthly magazine subscription. 

Banking service chronicle